Page 86 - Science Class 06
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other living organisms as well as with non- there will be less food for plant-ea ng
living things you will have to study about animals and this will lead to the disbalance
environment and its components. of the ecosystem.
ENVIRONMENT AND ITS COMPONENTS INTERACTION BETWEEN BIOTIC AND
All the things present around an organism ABIOTIC COMPONENTS
cons tute the environment of that organism. All the bio c components interact with one
Environment has several components which another and with abio c components in the
can be grouped into bio c and abio c environment. In other words, we can say that
components. all the bio c components for their survival
Bio c Components : Bio c factors or also depends on abio c components.
components are mainly referred to all the For example, plants interact with abio c
living things in the ecosystem. Their components like air, water, sunlight and
presence or their materials affect the minerals to prepare their own food by the
composi on of an ecosystem. These process of photosynthesis. Since plants are
materials include organisms, interac ons, the only living beings that convert solar
parts, wastes and also their presence. energy into the form of food. That’s why
Factors like disease, preda on and they also called producers. Animals eat the
parasi sm can also be considered as bio c. food produced by plants that’s why they are
All these interac ons will make the called consumers. Consumers are further
difference in survival and reproduc on of divided into primary consumers (herbivores)
each species. For example, plants, animals, such as cow, goats, deer, etc., secondary
etc. consumers (carnivores) such as lion, ger,
Abio c Components : Abio c factors or etc. and omnivores such as man, bear,
components are mainly referred to all the dog, etc.
non-living things with chemical and physical However, all the consumers depend on
factors. It affects the ability of an organism plants for food directly and indirectly.
for reproduc on and survival. These can be Besides, they also need oxygen and water as
acquired from the atmosphere, hydros- abio c components for their survival, hence
phere and lithosphere. Sunlight, air, they also depend on abio c components.
moisture, minerals and soil are some There are several other very ny organisms
examples of abio c factors. These factors such as viruses, fungi and bacteria. They
have the significant impact on the survival cannot be seen with naked, eyes. They are
and reproduc on of species in an eco- known as micro-organisms. They feed
system. For instance, without the worthy mainly on dead remains of plants and
amount of sunlight some plants are not animals. They decompose dead and
able to survive and eventually dies, then decaying body into simpler nutrients. That’s
86 Science-6
