Page 87 - Science Class 07

Loamy soil Alluvial Soil

This soil is the best suited for the plant growth These are formed by the deposi on of
because it contains sand, clay and humus in a sediments by rivers. They are rich in humus and
good propor on. Its water reten on capacity very fer le. They are found in Great Northern
and aera on is good. It is also rich in mineral plain, lower valleys of Narmada and Tap and
contents. Northern Gujarat. These soils are renewed
every year.

Black Soil
The typical soil derived from the deccan trap is
the black co on soil. It is also known as Regar.
Black soil is highly argillaceous, very fine

grained and dark and contains high propor on
of calcium, magnesium carbonate and iron. But
it is poor in phosphorous, nitrogen and organic
Loamy Soil ma er. It is good for the cul va on of co on
and sugarcane. Black soil is found in Mahara-
shtra, western part of Madhya Pradesh, parts
Aim : To show water reten on capacity of of Andhra Pradesh, parts of Gujarat and some
different types of soil. part of Tamil Nadu.
Method : Take three glass funnels and place Red Soil
filter paper in them. Now, put equal quan ty These are derived from weathering of ancient
of three different types of soil, i.e., sandy,
metamorphic rocks of Deccan Plateau. Its
clayey and loamy. Pour 50 ml of water in
each funnel and leave them undisturbed for redness is due to iron composi on. When iron
one hour. content is lower it is yellow or brown. They
cover almost the whole of Tamil Nadu, Andhra
You will observe that water in different Pradesh, Chha sgarh, Karnataka, Maharashtra
amount has been collected in each jar. This
experiment shows the water reten on and parts of O.
capacity of three types of soil. Laterite Soil
Laterite soil is found in the regions where heavy

TYPES OF SOIL IN INDIA rainfalls occur. It is rich in many mineral
contents. It is good for growing tea, coffee and
Soil can also be categorised on the basis of its
coconut. Laterite soil is found on the hills of
colour, texture and contents.
Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, the Eastern
Let’s study about different types of soil found in Ghats, regions of Odisha, Maharastra, West
India: Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Assam.

Alluvial Soil [43%] Red Soil [18.5%]
Desert Soil
Black / Regur Soil [15%] Arid / Desert Soil
In the desert regions of Rajasthan, soils are not
Laterite Soil Saline Soil
well developed. As evapora on is in excess of
Peaty / Marshy Soil Forest Soil
rainfall, the soil has a high salt content and
Sub-mountain Soil Snowfields

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