Page 178 - SST Class 06

1. Geographical Diversity Let’s take a look at the example:
The physical features of India consist of
numerous beautiful rivers, dry desert,
evergreen forests, fertile plains, long coastal
lines and lofty mountains. Some regions of
the country are considered to be the most
fertile regions in the whole world whereas
some regions are so unproductive that you
can hardly grow anything on them.
India is basically divided into four regions.
The first is Himalayan region or the north-
ern mountains that include regions like
Kashmir, Sikkim, Bhutan, Kangra and much
more. The second region is the northern
plain that consists of major river systems of
the country like Indus, Ganges, Brahma-
putra and their tributaries. This region is the
most fertile and productive regions in the
whole country. The third region consists of
the plateaus of Central India and Deccan.
The fourth region lies between the Arabian
Sea and the Western Ghats.
With these four regions, India is known for
having one-fifth of the total population of
the whole world and the statistics are hiking
day-by-day.
2. Climatic Diversity
You can see diversity from the point of
climate as well because some regions face
blazing heat and some places enjoy tropical
climate all around the year. Also, the mon-
soons are not uniform across the country
because places like Meghalaya receives the
highest amount of rainfall whereas places
like Rajasthan gets hardly any rainfall.
Pilfering winter is felt in the Kashmir region
for more than six months whereas places
like Kerala never experience such cold at
any time. Due to this diversity in the climate
of India, you can see a variety of flora and
fauna in the country.
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Ladakh, in the Eastern part of Jammu and
Kashmir, remains covered with snow
throughout the year, therefore, very less
vegetation is possible here whereas places
like Kerala are responsible for the cultivation
of host of spices like pepper, cloves, etc.
3. Racial Diversity
Other than the physical diversity, the pres-
ence of a variety of human beings makes
India a beautiful place to live in. Beginning
from the Neolithic and Paleolithic men who
inhabited India since the remote past to the
mongoloid type people that are found in
places like Bhutan and Sikkim. The south-
ern part of the country comprises of
Dravidians. The tall and fair complexion
group called Indo Aryans lives in the North
Western part of the country and these races
are becoming closer to each other day-by-
day.
Apart from these, they were many other
religions like Persians, Greek, Muslims,
Arabs, etc. came to India and settled here,
leaving their pinch of culture and beliefs in
the country.
4. Linguistic Diversity
India has been called as “a tower of verita-
ble languages” or a “Museum of lan-
guages”. As people belonging to different
religions and tribes are living in India,
therefore, there is a huge diversity in their
languages also. More than 200 dialects and
languages are used in this vast country, but
the main languages of India include Hindi,
Gujarati, Tamil, Telugu, Bengali, Sanskrit
and Kannada.
The Dravidian group speaks languages like
Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam and Kannada.
Whereas, the Indo Aryans speak languages
like Punjabi, Kashmiri, Hindi, Gujarati