Page 123 - Science Class 07

GERMINATION OF A SEED for the root, it pushes down into the soil and

Germina on of a seed starts when it is taken in begins to absorb soil-solu on for making food.
water. It helps the enzymes inside the seeds to The shoot, when it has broken out above the
be ac ve. They digest the stored food and soil, it gets sunlight and becomes green. Soon it
make it soluble. This soluble food slowly begins to make food through photosynthesis
percolates to the root (radicle) and the shoot using the soil-solu on sent up by the root. As a
(plumule). So, both of them begin to grow. As result, it grows to be a seeding and then into a
plant.

Reproduction : Life process of producing one’s own kind
Binary fission : Division of parent cell into two cells in unicellular organisms

Sperm : Male cell which takes part in reproduction
Ovum : Female cell which takes part in reproduction

Stamen : Male reproductive organ of a plant
Pollution : Carrying away anther to the stigma

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I Reproduction is of two kinds— asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.
i Unicellular organisms reproduce through the method of binary fission.
i Sponges reproduce through budding in which bud or an overgrowth of the parent’s body
into a new creature.
i Corals, hydra, yeast, etc. reproduce through budding.

i In sporulation, parent releases single-celled structures, called spores, which grow into full-
fledged organisms.
i The process of the fusion of the male and the female cells is called fertilization.

i The process of pollination takes place with the help of wind and by some insects such as
bees, butterflies, etc.
i In fruit plants, the ovary changes into a fruit and it ripens to become sweet juicy and edible.

i The ovule develops into a seed which contains stored food.
i There is a natural mechanism that helps in scattering of seeds over a large area, which is
called dispersal of seeds.

i Germination of a seed starts when it is taken in water.

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