Page 100 - Science Class 08

transfers sperms into the vagina (in female nucleus. The fusion of male gamete and a
reproduc ve organ). female gamete is called fer lisa on.

The Female Reproduc ve System The fer lisa on results in the forma on of a
zygote. The zygote cell divides many mes to
The female reproduc ve organ include two
form an embryo. The embryo moves down the
ovaries and a duct of two fallopian tubes and
fallopian tube into the uterus.
uterus and a vagina.
The embryo takes about 9 months to develop
The pair of ovaries produce female gamete,
into a new individual.
i.e., ovum or egg. The ovaries also produce
female sex hormones called oestrogen and
progesterone. Fallopian tubes oviduct take up
the ovum and transport it to the uterus.
Fer lisa on takes place when an egg cell
Fallopian tubes have finger like projec ons and from the mother and a sperm cell from the
open up in a funnel shaped structure. These
father fuse together, so the new individual
finger like projec ons receive the ovum (egg inherits some characteris cs from the
cell) as it comes out of the ovaries. The mother and some from the father.
fer lisa on of egg by a sperm takes place in
the fallopian tubes. Uterus is a bag (womb) TEST TUBE BABIES
where the fer lised egg develops into a baby.
You might have seen many women who cannot
You should remember that a single matured bear a child. It is because their fallopian tubes
egg is released into the oviduct by one of the (oviduct) are blocked. It does not allow the
ovaries every month in a human female body. male sperm reach the egg for fer lisa on.
Like the sperm, an egg is also a single cell. Doctors have, therefore, introduced the Test
Fer lisa on of Sperm and Ovum Tube Baby technique to overcome such

Let us study about how a sperm and a ovum problems. They collect freshly released egg
fuse together inside the female body and grow from the mother’s ovaries by using a special
with the passage of me. syringe and semen from the man. They keep
egg and semen together in an incerboton (in
The male parent produces male gametes
(sperms) in his testes each day. vitro). The sperm fer lise the egg to form an
embryo. A er a week, the embryo is inserted
The female parent produces female gametes into the woman’s womb where the embryo
(sperms) in her ovaries. A single matured egg is develops. A er about 9 months, it is fully-
released into the oviduct by one of the ovaries developed and takes birth as a normal baby.
every month.

The sperms made in the testes of a man are
introduced into the vagina of the woman
through penis during ma ng. In this way,
millions of sperms are released into the vagina
at one me.
The nucleus of only one sperm and the nucleus
of an egg fuse together to form a single

100 Science-8