Page 105 - SST Class 06

metallurgists pioneered the method of lost-
wax casting to make twenty other globe
masterpieces in the reign of the Mughal
Empire. Before these globes were rediscov-
ered in the 1980s, modern metallurgists
believed that it was technically impossible to
produce metal globes without any seams,
even with modern technology.

13. Plastic Surgery
15. Ayurveda
Written by Sushruta in 6th Century BC,
Long before the birth of Hippocrates,
Sushruta Samhita is considered to be one of
Charaka authored a foundational text,
the most comprehensive textbooks on
Charakasamhita, on the ancient science of
ancient surgery. The text mentions various
Ayurveda. Referred to as the Father of
illnesses, plants, preparations and cures
Indian Medicine, Charaka was the first
along with complex techniques of plastic
physician to present the concept of diges-
surgery. The Sushruta Samhita’s most well-
tion, metabolism and immunity in his book.
known contribution to plastic surgery is the
Charaka’s ancient manual on preventive
reconstruction of the nose, known also as
medicine remained a standard work on the
rhinoplasty.
subject for two millennia and was translated
into many foreign languages, including
Arabic and Latin.

14. Cataract Surgery
The first cataract surgery is said to have
been performed by the ancient Indian 16. Iron-Cased Rockets
physician Sushruta, way back in 6th century The first iron-cased rockets were developed
BCE. To remove the cataract from the eyes, in the 1780s by Tipu Sultan of Mysore who
he used a curved needle, Jabamukhi successfully used these rockets against the
Salaka, to loosen the lens and push the larger forces of the British East India
cataract out of the field of vision. The eye Company during the Anglo-Mysore Wars.
would then be bandaged for a few days till He crafted long iron tubes, filled them with
it healed completely. Sushruta’s surgical gunpowder and fastened them to bamboo
works were later translated to Arabic lan- poles to create the predecessor of the
guage and through the Arabs, his works modern rocket. With a range of about 2 km,
were introduced to the West. these rockets were the best in the world at

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