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respect to their field like public works, education, g There may be one common acts or separate
health, taxation, etc. The Municipal Com- acts for all the municipal corporations in a
missioner is the chief executive authority of the state.
corporation and he implements the decisions g A municipal corporation has three authori-
taken by the council and its standing committees. ties— the council, the standing committees
State government appoints the Municipal and the municipal commissioner.
Commissioner. Generally, IAS officers are
g The council is the deliberative and legisla-
appointed as the Municipal Commissioner.
tive wing and consists of the Councilors
MUNICIPALITY directly elected by the people.
The municipalities are created for the administra- g They also have few nominated persons
tion of smaller cities and towns. They are set up having knowledge or experience of munici-
by the acts of the respective State governments. pal administration.
In case of union territories, they are set up by
g The council is headed by a Mayor and
acts of Parliament of India. Municipalities are
assisted by Deputy Mayor.
called with different names like municipal coun-
g Mayor is elected in a majority of the states
cil, municipal committee, municipal board,
for a one-year renewable term.
borough municipality, city municipality, etc. A
municipality has three authorities— the council, g He is basically a formal head of the corpora-
the standing committees and the Chief Executive tion.
Officer. The council acts as the deliberative and g His main function is to preside over the
legislative wing of the municipality. The council is meetings of the council.
made up of councilors who are directly elected g The standing committees are created to
by the people. The head of the council is called facilitate the working of the council, which is
President or Chairman. He is assisted by a Vice- too large in size.
President or Vice-Chairman. President/Chairman g They deal with public works, education,
presides over the meetings of the council. The health, taxation, finance, etc. and take
standing committees deal with different fields like decisions in their fields.
public works, education, health, etc. They facili-
g The municipal commissioner implements
tate the working of the council. The Chief
the decisions taken by the council and its
Executive Officer looks after the day-to-day
standing committees.
responsibilities of administration of the munici-
g He is the chief executive authority of the
pality. He is appointed by the State government.
corporation.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MUNICIPAL
g He is appointed by the state government
CORPORATION AND MUNICIPALITY
and is mostly a member of the IAS.
Municipal Corporation
Municipality
g Municipal corporations are established for
g Municipalities are established for administra-
administration of big cities like Delhi,
tion of towns and smaller cities.
Mumbai, Hyderabad, etc.
g They are set up in the states by the acts of
g They are established in the states by the acts
State Legislatures and in the union territory
of State Legislatures and in the union
by the acts of the Parliament of India.
territories by the acts of the Parliament.
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