Page 173 - SST Class 08
P. 173
location of industries are industrial regions. Shahdara, Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Modi-
Industries tend to be concentrated in and around nagar, Ambala, Agra and Mathura.
a specific geographic area called industrial 5. Bangalore-Tamil Nadu Region : It includes
region. The same factors that influence location all parts of Tamil Nadu except Villupuram.
of industries also are responsible for creation of 6. Vishkhapatnam-Guntur Region : It
industrial regions or industrial zones. The indus-
includes districts of Kurnool and Prakasam.
tries located close to each other are known as
7. Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram Region :
clusters. Such clusters of several types of indus-
It includes Alwaye, Ernakulam and
tries located close to each other are known as
Alappuzha districts.
cluster. Such cluster of several types of industries
This regional approach offers many advantages
may be termed as an industrial region or an
like distribution of industries on regional basis.
industrial zone. The world distribution can best
There emerges a pattern that helps in setting up
be explained with the help of these industrial
of new industries or making the existing ones
regions.
more responsive. Some comparative advantages
The world’s five main industrial regions are :
including better ability to compete, new town-
1. North-eastern USA
ships may reduce congestion around existing
2. Western and Central Europe towns and cities makes easy assembly, process-
3. Eastern Europe including Russia ing, obtaining spare parts and helping take
4. Eastern Asia and India maximum advantage of rail and road transport
5. Australia and New Zealand networks.
The concept of industrial regions is also applied Distribution of Major Industries
at national levels. On this basis, India has seven These are sharp differences between region, on
industrial regions, namely : the basis of size, technology and other inequali-
1. Mumbai-Pune Region : It extends from ties as exist between developed and developing
Thane to Pune and adjoining districts of countries. These inequalities exist over a long
Nasik and Sholapur. period of time. Still some important features of
the world distribution of industries can be ana-
2. Hugli Region : It extends from Bansbaria
lysed.
in the north to Birlanagar in the south.
The rise of manufacturing industries in the
suburbs of major towns and cities is a result of
20th century influences like creation of industrial
estates, population pressure and creation of jobs.
Examples : Major basic industries like iron and
steel are concentrated on or around coal fields.
3. Chhotanagpur Region : It includes
Jharkhand, northern Orissa and western
West Bengal.
4. Gurgaon and Delhi-Meerut Region :
Besides these areas, it also includes
Social Science-8 173
