Page 208 - SST Class 07

(b) Second Reading : At this stage, the Bill is Levels of Bureaucracy
referred to a standing committee of the
house. After this, a clause-by-clause discus-
sion takes place on the report of the com-
mittee. All the clause and amendments are
put to vote and disposed of.
(c) Third Reading : At this stage, a restricted
debate takes place over the Bill. After the
Bill is passed, it is sent to the second house
in case of bicameral legislatures.
(d) Role of the Other House : The Bill goes
to another House. It may delay it or recom-
mend suggestions. However, if the State
Legislative Assembly passed it once again,
the Bill is sent to the Governor for his
assent. There is no provision for joint sitting
in states.
(e) Governor Assent : After being passed by
State Legislature, the Bill goes to Governor
for his assent. He may give his assent or
sent it once back for reconsideration. If the
state legislature passes the Bill once again,
the Governor has to give his assent.
However, Bills of national or public impor-
tance may be reserved by the Governor for
the consideration of the President.
ADMINISTRATION: BUREAUCRACY
Political Executive vs Permanent Executive
The Council of Ministers headed by the Chief
Minister is elected for a term of five years. Their
tenure is not permanent, because of rising
coalitions. It is known as Political Executive.
The Permanent Executive consists of the Civil
Servants or Bureaucrats who are selected
through a competitive examination both at the
national and state level. These bureaucrats do
not change with a change in the permanent
executive and aid and advise the government
leading to a continuity in administration.
Social Science-7 208
1. All India Services and Central Services for
which examinations are conducted by the
Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
2. There is provision for a State Public Service
Commission (SPSC) for each state for
recruiting, training and promotion of state
civil servants.
Function of Civil Servants/Administrators
(a) The council of ministers makes policy. But,
in reality, it is these civil servants who
analyses problems and collect data on
important policy decisions.
(b) The minister issue instruction for the imple-
mentation, other state officials, district and
subordinate civil servants help the minister
in the implementation of the policy.
(c) The administration plays a major role in
providing socio-economic justice to people.
Shortcomings of Administrators in India
(a) Apathy of administration towards local
problems.
(b) Political instability.
(c) Political bureau nexus leading to corruption
and delay in policy decisions.
Suggestions for Making Administration
Effective
(a) Appointment of a Lokaykta in each state
and Lokpal at the national level to make
administrators accountable and reduce
corruption.
(b) To secure the position of civil servants so
that they come out of the clutches of politi-
cal opportunisms.
(c) To involve local people in the work of
development by removing the superiority
gap between the administrators and the
people.